Atila’s Models: a study on philosophy and popularization of science

Main Article Content

Ivan Ferreira da Cunha
Thalyta Bertotti
Paulo Fernandes

Abstract

This paper discusses aspects of philosophy of science out of an event that took place at the beginning of the CoViD-19 pandemics in Brazil, to know, the polemic involving broadcasts in social networks by microbiologist and science popularizer Atila Iamarino. These broadcasts were considered alarmist by some parts of society and the media. We argue that Iamarino reasons in an eminently scientific manner, building and operating models. An analysis of the pragmatics of modeling indicates that Iamarino articulated abstract structures to promote mediation among different domains of knowledge under ceteris paribus conditions. His reasoning is nevertheless simplified in view of his aim of scientific popularization. This analysis allows for reflections about the political role that science popularization plays in our society and about the role of philosophy in scientific education.

Article Details

Section
Articles
Author Biographies

Ivan Ferreira da Cunha, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC)

He has been a professor in the Philosophy Department at the Federal University of Santa Catarina since May 2016. He graduated in Philosophy from the State University of Londrina (2005); he completed his master's degree (2008) and doctorate (2012) in the area of Epistemology and Logic from the Graduate Program in Philosophy at the Federal University of Santa Catarina. He was a visiting researcher at the University of Pennsylvania (Philadelphia, USA, 2010-11), at UFSC (2012-14), at the State University of Maringá (2014-15) and at the Institut Wiener Kreis [Institute Vienna Circle] of the Universität Wien (Vienna, Austria, 2022-23). He carried out a research visit (October/2023) at the Center de Philosophie de la Mémoire, Université Grenoble Alpes (Grenoble, France). He conducts research in the field of philosophy of science. Since 2017 he has been Executive Editor of Principia: an international journal of epistemology, and is involved in organizing the Principia International Symposia.

Thalyta Bertotti, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC)

Master's degree from the Philosophy Postgraduate Program at the Federal University of Santa Catarina, in the area of Epistemology and Logic. Degree in Physics from the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Santa Catarina. Areas of interest: Philosophy of Science, Cognitive Sciences, Physics Teaching and Education.

Paulo Fernandes, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC)

He has a degree in Philosophy from the Federal University of Santa Catarina (2019) and a secondary education degree from SENAI - Regional Department of Santa Catarina (2014). He has experience in Philosophy.

References

ALVES, M. Atila Iamarino e a projeção de 1 milhão de mortos da covid no país; entenda. Correio Braziliense online, 14 jul. 2020. Disponível em https://www.correiobraziliense.com.br/app/noticia/brasil/2020/07/14/interna-brasil,872144/atila-iamarino-e-a-projecao-de-1-milhao-de-mortos-da-covid-no-pais-en.shtml. Acesso em 29 out. 2021.

BERTOTTI, T. G. Como Lidar com a Popularização do Terraplanismo? uma proposta a partir da filosofia da ciência de Susan Haack. Cognitio-Estudos, v.17, n.2, p.196-207, 2020.

CAPONI, G. El Arquetipo Vertebrado De Richard Owen: razón de ser y destino de unos de los modelos más influyentes en la historia de la biología. Principia, v.26, n.1, p.55-71, 2022.

CARTWRIGHT, N. How the Laws of Physics Lie. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1983.

CARTWRIGHT, N. The Dappled World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.

COSTA, A. C. Negacionistas São os Outros? verdade, engano e interesse na era da pós-verdade. Principia, v.25, n.2, p.305-334, 2021.

DUTRA, L. H. A. Pragmática da Investigação Científica. São Paulo: Loyola, 2008.

DUTRA, L. H. A. Pragmática de Modelos. São Paulo: Loyola, 2013.

DUTRA, L. H. A. Pragmática de Modelos. 3a Edição. Ribeirão Preto: Agrya, 2021.

ELGIN, C. Z. Models as Felicitous Falsehoods. Principia, v.26, n.1, p.7-23, 2022.

FERGUSON, N. M.; LAYDON, D.; NEDJATI-GILANI, G.; et al. Impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to reduce COVID-19 mortality and healthcare demand. Imperial College London, 16 mar. 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25561/77482.

GALVÃO, P. ‘Após o coronavírus, o mundo não voltará a ser o que era’, diz especialista. Correio Braziliense online, 31 mar. 2020. Disponível em https://www.correiobraziliense.com.br/app/noticia/brasil/2020/03/31/interna-brasil,841489/apos-o-coronavirus-o-mundo-nao-voltara-a-ser-o-que-era-diz-especia.shtml. Acesso em 29 out. 2021.

G1. Ministro da saúde diz que infecção por coronavírus no Brasil deve disparar em abril. G1 Bem Estar online, 20 mar. 2020. Disponível em https://g1.globo.com/ciencia-e-saude/noticia/2020/03/20/mandetta-diz-que-infeccao-por-coronavirus-no-brasil-deve-disparar-em-abril.ghtml. Acesso em 15 fev. 2022.

IAMARINO, A. E se o Coronavírus chegar ao Brasil?. Vídeo 7’11”. YouTube, 31 jan. 2020. Disponível em https://youtu.be/X1IamY2uTbo. Acesso em 29 out. 2021.

IAMARINO, A. Por que o coronavírus parou a Itália?. Vídeo 8’47”. YouTube, 11 mar. 2020. Disponível em https://youtu.be/iS6faXPkSfM. Acesso: 29 out. 2021.

IAMARINO, A. O que o Brasil precisa fazer nos próximos dias. Vídeo 1h16’41”. YouTube, 20 mar. 2020. Disponível em https://youtu.be/zF2pXXJIAGM. Acesso em 29 out. 2021.

KRAUSE, D. Models and Modeling in Science: the role of metamathematics. Principia, v.26, n.1, p.39-54, 2022.

LI, Q. et al. Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus–infected pneumonia. New England Journal of Medicine, v.382, p.1199-1207, 2020.

MERTON, R. K. The Self-Fulfilling Prophecy. The Antioch Review, v.8, n.2, p.193-210, 1948.

MORGAN, M.; MORRISON, M. (Orgs.). Models as Mediators: perspectives on natural and social science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.

MORRISON, M.; MORGAN, M. Models as Mediating Instruments. In: Morgan, M.; Morrison, M. (Orgs.). Models as Mediators: perspectives on natural and social science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999, p.10-37.

NERSESSIAN, N. Creating Scientific Concepts. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 2008.

PEIRCE, C. S. What Pragmatism Is. In: _____. The Essential Peirce. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1998, volume 2, p.331-345.

PORTAL DO TSE [Tribunal Superior Eleitoral]. Nova campanha do TSE contra a desinformação vai ao ar a partir desta terça-feira. Notícia publicada em 01 set. 2020. Disponível em https://www.tse.jus.br/imprensa/noticias-tse/2020/Setembro/nova-campanha-do-tse-contra-a-desinformacao-vai-ao-ar-a-partir-desta-terca-feira-1o. Acesso em 29 out. 2021.

RODA VIVA. Roda Viva - Atila Iamarino. Vídeo 1h31’10”. YouTube, 30 mar. 2020. Disponível em https://youtu.be/s00BzYazxvU. Acesso em 29 out. 2021.

SILVA, M. R. As controvérsias a respeito da participação de Rosalind Franklin na construção do modelo da dupla hélice. Scientiae Studia, v.8, n.1, p.69-92, 2010.

STEVENS, H. Por que surtos como o coronavírus se espalham exponencialmente e como “achatar a curva”. The Washington Post, 18 mar. 2020. Disponível em https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2020/health/corona-simulation-portuguese/. Acesso em 15 fev. 2022.

SUPPES, P. Models and Methods in the Philosophy of Science. Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1993.

TEAM, The Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Emergency Response Epidemiology. The epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) China, 2020. China CDC Weekly, v.2, n.8, p.113-122, 2020.

VAN FRAASSEN, B. C. The Scientific Image. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1980.